Women Did Not Create Visual Arts Until the Mid19th Century
If y'all've ever taken an art history form or spent time in a fine arts museum, chances are you know a lot most the men who "defined" their mediums. As with other subjects, about of what nosotros learn near art history today nonetheless centers on white men from Europe and, later, the United States. In reality, there are and then many more artists of all genders to learn from and appreciate.
Hither, we're specifically taking a look at simply some of the women who have had lasting impacts on their art forms. From some of the art globe's nigh iconic pioneers to its virtually unsung heroes, these women artists all had a hand — and, in some cases, withal accept a hand — in changing the world of fine fine art and how we define it.
Laura Wheeler Waring
Laura Wheeler Waring was an creative person and educator who taught at Cheyney Academy in Pennsylvania for more thirty years. After studying the work of painters similar Cézanne and Monet while abroad, she returned to the The states, becoming best known for her portraits of prominent Black Americans, many of which were painted during the Harlem Renaissance.
Cindy Sherman
Photographer Cindy Sherman was function of the Pictures Generation during the 1980s, and is perchance most well known for her series of Untitled Film Stills (1977–80) — self-portraits in which Sherman "posed in the guises of diverse generic female film characters, among them, ingénue, working girl, vamp, and lonely housewife" (via MoMA). In this series, and those that followed, Sherman used photography to question the media's influence over our individual and collective identities.
Yoko Ono
Y'all might starting time think of Yoko Ono as a musician and activist, only she's likewise an accomplished performance and conceptual artist. Ono was considered a pioneer in the functioning art movement, earning the nickname the "High Priestess of the Happening".
One of her about revered works, Cut Piece, was a functioning she showtime staged in Japan; Ono sabbatum on stage in a prissy adapt and placed scissors in front end of her, and, in an act of daring vulnerability, invited audience members to come up on stage and cutting abroad pieces of her wear. "Fine art is like animate for me," Ono has said. "If I don't exercise information technology, I get-go to choke."
Betye Saar
Earlier becoming a printmaker and activist, Betye Saar studied design and was employed equally a social worker. A printmaking constituent changed her entire career trajectory — and, in turn, part of the trajectory of fine art history.
Saar was part of the Black Arts Movement in the 1970s and, through painting and assemblage, critiqued institutionalized racism and the racist stereotypes white people held toward Black Americans. "To me the trick is to seduce the viewer," Saar has said. "If you tin can get the viewer to look at a work of art, then you might be able to requite them some sort of message."
Frida Kahlo
It's rare to discover someone who hasn't at least heard of Frida Kahlo. A self-taught painter from Mexico, she is best known for exploring themes like decease and identity through her cocky-portraits. Kahlo often used bold, bright colors to create her symbol-rich works, and was regarded as one of the most influential artists of the Surrealist movement.
Yayoi Kusama
Yayoi Kusama started painting at a very immature age, but she'south also known for her hyper-real sculptures, polka dots, installations, and so much more than. Like many of her peers, Kusama embraced the counterculture of the 1960s, employing nudity in much of her work. Today, she continues to create works for her enduring Mirror/Infinity rooms serial, which use mirrors and lit objects to create a sense of endlessness.
Amy Sherald
Amy Sherald is an American painter and portraitist who depicts Blackness Americans, often doing everyday activities — something that became more common in portraiture writ large in the mid-19th century. Odds are that you lot recognize Sherald's work — and her signature grayscale peel tones — as she was the first Blackness woman to complete a presidential portrait for the Smithsonian's National Portrait Gallery.
Georgia O'Keeffe
Known as the mother of American modernism, you likely associate Georgia O'Keeffe with her paintings of New Mexico'due south landscapes, flowers, skulls, and, only maybe, the skyscrapers of New York City. In the 1920s, she was the first woman painter to gain the respect of the New York fine art world, all past painting in her unique manner.
Adrian Piper
Adrian Piper became a pioneering minimalist, feminist, and conceptual artist in 1970s New York City. She used her work to question gild, identity, and racial politics past demanding the audition to confront truths near themselves. She often challenged people on the streets of New York to guess her race, socio-economic course, and gender — all while dressed equally a Black human with a imitation mustache and sunglasses, or while wearing compelling statements on her dress.
Shirin Neshat
Shirin Neshat left Islamic republic of iran in 1974 to report fine art in Los Angeles, California — before the Iran Islamic Revolution took place. She is best known for her photography, film, and video work, much of which explores the relationship between Islam'southward cultural and religious systems and women. Moreover, Neshat'south works often create a sense of solidarity and empowerment.
Jenny Holzer
As a neo-conceptual artist, Jenny Holzer'southward work focuses on words and ideas, which she puts on advertisement billboards, projects onto buildings and adds to electronic displays or neon signs.
These works display phrases that act as meditations on diverse concepts, such as trauma, noesis, and hope. One of her more than notable works, I Aroma You On My Skin, makes the viewer question what kind of sentiment the sentence conveys.
Rebecca Belmore
Much of Rebecca Belmore'southward art addresses identity and history — and, in particular, houselessness and the voicelessness of the Offset Nations People in Canada. As an Anishinaabekwe artist, she works to heighten awareness around the prejudice, violence, and attempted erasure of Indigenous Northward American civilization. In 2005, she was the first Indigenous woman to represent Canada at the Venice Biennale.
Louise Conservative
While a prolific printmaker and painter, Louise Bourgeois is ameliorate known for her installation art and sculptures — like the spider in a higher place — which were inspired past her ain experiences and memories. Throughout her career, she created revolutionary works during a time when abstraction and conceptual art were the main styles shaping the art globe.
Mickalene Thomas
Heavily influenced by pop civilisation and pop fine art, Mickalene Thomas ofttimes embellishes her paintings with rhinestones and uses colorful acrylic paints. In her work, Thomas centers Black American women, whom she believes embody power and femininity.
Judy Chicago
Judy Chicago was one of the major figures inside the early Feminist Art movement. As exemplified in her iconic work The Dinner Party, her installation pieces often examine the role of women in history and culture — in the 1970s and earlier. While at California State University in Fresno, Chicago founded the outset feminist art program in the United States.
Augusta Savage
Augusta Savage was an American sculptor during the Harlem Renaissance who worked toward securing equal rights for Black Americans in the arts. In add-on to creating breathtaking sculptures, oft of Black folks, Roughshod founded the Savage Studio of Craft in Harlem in 1932, and, a few years later on, she became the beginning Black American elected to the National Association of Women Painters and Sculptors in 1934.
Carolee Schneemann
Known for her provocative performance fine art practices, Carolee Schneemann is considered the progenitor of "body art". (Only await up her most famous work, Interior Curl, and y'all'll see what we mean.) She used her body to examine women's sensuality and liberation from the oppressive aesthetic and social conventions established past our patriarchal social club.
Nan Goldin
Famous for her in-the-moment photography, Nan Goldin's work challenges traditional power relations. In addition to documenting New York City'south queer subculture mail-Stonewall, Goldin explored the HIV/AIDS crunch, opioid epidemic, and LGBTQ+ bodies.
Elaine Sturtevant
Does this await like an Andy Warhol to y'all? Well, that'south the idea! Elaine Sturtevant, who went past her last proper noun professionally, was a conceptual artist known for her inexact replicas — that is, not-quite-right copies of big-proper noun artists' piece of work.
Some artists and critics encouraged her efforts, while others became quite angry. Still, Sturtevant used her works to explore the concepts of authorship, originality, and the structure of art culture.
Ruth Asawa
During the 1960s, Ruth Asawa created increasingly circuitous wire sculptures. A San Francisco-based creative person, Asawa's last public commission was the Garden of Remembrance at San Francisco State University, which was created to recognize Japanese Americans who were interned during World War II.
Catherine Opie
Known for her studio, portrait, and mural photography, Catherine Opie has been a lensman since the historic period of nine. She uses her photography to examine social norms, and, in doing so, displays diverse subcultures in formal portraits — only in a style that conveys power and respect by evoking traditional Renaissance portraiture.
micha cárdenas
micha cárdenas is an artist, author, theorist, and assistant professor who won an Impact Award at the Indiecade Festival in 2020 and the Creative Honor from the Gender Justice League in 2016. She believes education is the path to liberation and uses VR and art to address global issues such as racism, gendered violence, and climatic change.
Lee Krasner
Lee Krasner was an Abstruse Expressionist painter who too specialized in collaging. Her works capture a spirit of relentless reinvention, from her Cubist drawings and assemblage to her portraits and murals for the Works Progress Administration (WPA).
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